Improvement in coal-oil retorts



F. W. WILLARD. GOAL oIL APPARATUS.

Patented Jan. 3

N f m UNITED STATES PATENT )EEICE FRANKLIN W. WILLARI), or NEW YORK, N. Y., AssIGNoR 'To E. c. ALLEN.

IMPRow-:MENTIN COAL-ou. RETo'RTs.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No.- 56,739., dated J annary 3, 1860. Y

To all whom it may concern:

Beit known that I, FRANKLIN IV. WIL- LARI), of New York, in the 'county and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Apparatus for Distilling Goals, te.; and I do hereby declare that the following description, taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, hereinafter referred to, forms a full and exact specification of the same, wherein I have set forth the nature and principles of my improvements, by whichmy invention may be distinguished from all others of a similar class, together with such parts as I claim and desire to have secured to me by Letters Patent,

The gues of the accompanying plate 0f drawings represent my improvements.

Figure l is a view of the front end 'of `my improved machine.v Fig. 2 is a view of the rear end. Fig. 3 is a centrallongitudinal vertical section of the same. Fig.4 is a detail view, to be hereinafter referred to.

My invention consists in an improvement in a rotary retort used for distilling oil from coal, 8vo., and is designed, first, to prevent the escape of heat from the retort and the danger of deterioration and iinal destruction of the ends of the same by burning out, these results being effected by using double heads, the space 'between which is filled'with clay or other non-conductor of heat, while studs or braces are used to prevent the springing or warping of t-he parts.

My second improvement consists in an arl rangement of devices by which the hollow shaft through which the oil is deliveredl is prevented from ,being clogged and obstructed with particles of coal, &c.

a a in the accompanying drawings represent a cylindrical retort set in a brick furnace, b b, leaving aiiue space or chamber, c c, entirely around the retort, through which chamber the llame and products of combus-4 ltion from the fire-place e e circulate and make their escape at the chimney d. The retort a a has for its rear bearing or journal a hollow shaft, f, the front end being supported by two friction-rollers, g g. The retort has a rotary motion imparted to it by means of a large gear-wheel, h, on the shaft f, engaging with a worm or endless screw, i, on a horizontal shaft, k, or in any othersuitable manner.

'The retort is 'filled with a charge of coal, and exposed while revolvingto a temperature of about 850 Fahrenheit, the oily vapors escaping through the hollow sha-ft f into any proper condensing apparatus.

In order to prevent the escape of heat from the retort and the danger of destruction to the ends of the same, double heads Z and p are used, the space between the ends of the retort and the extra heads being filled with clay or other non-conductor of heat, braces or studs m m being used to prevent the springing or warping of the parts, as shown in Fig. 3.

To obvia-te the liability of clogging the strainer n n of the hollow shaft f with particles of coal, I have adopted the following arrangement of devices: To the rear false head, p, is hung, by a short shaft, q, a circular plate, r, having an aperture larger than the shaft q and afiange or lip, s. v While the head p and its shaft q revolve with the retort, the plate r remains stationary and in contact with the bottom of the retort, and thus prevents the coals, Svc., which occupy the lower portion of the retort, from passing into the hollow shaft f, as will be readily understood without further explanation.

It will 'be evident that it will. be necessary to construct both the false headjj'and the eccentric plate r in sections, iu order that they` may be introduced either through the man hole t or the door of the retort.

Having thus described my improvements, I shall state my claims as follows:

What I claim as my invention, and desire to have secured to me by Letters Patent, is-

1. The construction'of coal-oiljretorts with internal false or extra heads at either .end ot the retort, and held at properdistance from the heads vproper by means' `ofstays or studs, as described, the intervening space between each of the false heads aand theend of the re-` tort ybeing filled with clay or'other non-corr ducting material, substantially in the manner and for the purposes herein specified.

2. The-use of the circular plate r, hung upon the false head p, and operating as described.

FRANKLIN W. WILLARD.'

Witnesses:

IRA O. MILLER, M. K. RosENDALE. 

